Photovoltaic solar cells have been a promising solution to the world's environmental air pollution in recent decades. However, despite their usage, Earth pollution has still been a concern. As a result, bio-solar cells have been researched among bio-- physical researchers since 2012 to provide an environmentally compatible alternative.

Phytochemicals are chemicals produced by plants to serve as a defense against fungal, bacterial, and viral plant diseases. Currently, our world has encountered a plethora of frustrating viral infections.

Early blight is one of the major diseases of tomatoes that affects the leaves and fruit quality. Detection and estimation of the disease severity are performed using the visual observation method.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by a novel 2019 SARS coronavirus, known as SARS-CoV-2, is rapidly spreading worldwide after one month of the initially identified case on December 2019, in Wuhan city, China [1].

Different types of Glutaredoxins (GRXs) that play a major role in cellular anti-oxidative reactions have been studied for their structure and function from various organisms. Glutathione (GSH), an anti-oxidant with several medical benefits, binds to GRXs.

Biofilms are complex sessile microbial community extremely resistant to antibiotics. They typically form on both biotic and abiotic surfaces and are usually associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity in patients in hospital settings. Nosocomial infections are the major cause of infections seen worldwide.